Fresh Apple Patches

Published: 2006-03-02. Last Updated: 2006-03-02 18:27:17 UTC
by Swa Frantzen (Version: 2)
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Apple released a security update called "2006-001".  It is claiming to update following components:

Also described in the release notes are:

For detailed information on this update, we'll refer you to apple's article 303382.

This update is very critical to install on your Mac OS X machines:

  • safari gets fixes for 4 separate issues: one of them with the public PoC; 3 of them result in arbitrary code execution and one looks like it allows javascript access to local resources.
    At this point it's unclear how effective the patch against the PoC is. To quote Apple: "This update addresses the issue by performing additional download validation so that the user is warned (in Mac OS X v10.4.5) or the download is not automatically opened (in Mac OS X v10.3.9)". We know from experience that warning users is hardly enough in real life. Still it's better than nothing.
  • ichat, mail get file type protection warnings in an effort to help twarth the worm threat (as exposed by the PoC virus Leap.A)
  • The Directory services vulnerability already has an exploit publicly available allowing local privilege escalation.
  • many more ... but you get those fixes for free anyway

On the not so good side: (before I get every Apple fan on my case: I love my powerbook, but it does not mean Apple should not clean up their act a bit)

  • Nice to get an update to PHP 4.4.1, but do note that a quick visit to php.net learns that it released PHP 4.4.1 on October 31st, 2005. That's 4 months!  Add to that that PHP 4.4.2 has been released on January 13th, 2006.  For a open source package this isn't cutting it I'm afraid. Apple really needs to speed up it's testing and dramatically reduce the window of exposure (even if it's not enabled by default).
  • Apple references article 108009 but it's putting all responsability with the end user. Can't we please have it promote using things like anti-virus and other malware preventing software? Sure users should not accept everything and click on anything. But the windows world has proven this approach doesn't work well enough once the OS gets targeted by malware.

UPDATED to include CVE numbers (many are still not public, but that will most likely change soon)

--
Swa Frantzen

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An Assignment From Professor Packetslinger of the School of Loose Screws

Published: 2006-03-01. Last Updated: 2006-03-01 22:23:38 UTC
by Deborah Hale (Version: 2)
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Update #1

We have received an overwhelming number of emails as a result of this diary.  This is to clarify a couple of things.  Yes this professor could have set up its own system for the students to use, yes they could have been instructed that they were to get permission from the owners of the systems first, yes they could have done any number of things to make this a valuable, worthwhile learning experience. That was not done unfortunately.

We have also received several emails asking us to release the name of the institution that this refers to.  We won't do that as we were asked not to in the diary.  It is our policy at the ISC to provide confidentiality when requested.  That is what allows us to cover such controversial subjects as we do.  Yes what is being done by this Institution of Higher Education is incorrect. We are pursuing a satisfactory resolution to this as best we can. We also have not and will not publish the entire document. 

John Bambenek one of our handlers that works at University of Illinois had this to say on the subject:

It's high time that the principles of academic freedom stop providing shields for felonious conduct or eventually the people and the government will take it away all together.

We also have received a number of emails suggesting that we have a legal obligation to report this.  We are aware that this maybe a possibility.  We will assure all of our readers that we will indeed do what is right. We may not talk about what we did but we will do our best to make sure that this type of activity does not continue to go on.  We truly want the Internet to be a safe place for all to work and play. 

Hopefully this will answer some of the questions and concerns that are arising from this article.


Update #2

We have received indications there has been a partial callback of the assignment. We're inviting the professor to contact us directly for any statement and/or clarification he might want to offer.

If he does contact us with a statement we will update the diary again.  Again thanks to all who  did contact us concerning this. Both the good and the bad. We have responded to as many as we could (of course not to the ones that gave us phony email addresses).  We at the ISC appreciate the participation of everyone, whether you agree with us or not. We learn a lot from the pro's and the con's and enjoy the interaction.


Update #3

Since this article is now referenced directly just a note there is a follow up diary on how to setup such assignments in a responsible manner.
Furthermore the amount of feedabck we get will mean that we're unlikely to individually answer unless you are a bit exceptional in remark or are the professor himself. Please no more "portscanning is not illegal" and assumptions the assignment was portscanning only, we've seen those remarks by now a few times.

But again, we'd love to have a chat with the professor himself.

We received an email today from a concerned colleague at one of the state colleges in the US. We promised the colleague that we would not reveal name or school so I won't. It is tempting, but I won't. This is an actual assignment. I am not making this up, this IS the real thing.

So here is the story of the assignment from Professor Packetslinger. In a Computer Security class in the Winter of 2006 (which by the way is next year if I remember correctly) the students have been given an assignment. The assignment is worth 15% of the final grade for the class. (So refusing to do the assignment very well could drop a student from an A to a B or worse in the blink of an eye).

The "TASK"

Student is to perform a remote security evaluation of one or more computer systems. The evaluation should be conducted over the Internet, using tools available in the public domain.

You got it. This is verbatim. Professor Packetslinger wants the students to conduct illegal activity involving port scanning and vulnerability scanning. He wants them to write an evaluation of what they find: what ports are open and what service could be running on them, Host names and IP addresses, OS, version, last update, patch status, what shares are available, what kind of network traffic and what vulnerabilities they see.

Hmm ? seems to me that Professor Packetslinger wants the students to do all of the background work for him.

Ok so now what must the students submit in writing to Professor Packetslinger?

Let's see what he wants:

What the student must submit

The note to the students:

In conducting this work, you should imagine yourself to be a security contracted by the owner of the computer system(s) to perform a security evaluation.

(This tells me that Professor Packetslinger is well aware of the laws and the fact that doing this without express permission and authorization IS against the law in most countries and municipalities. The same laws that the students are being asked to violate).

The student must provide a written report which has the following sections: Executive summary, description of tools and techniques used, dates and times of investigations [AKA break ins, our words], examples of data collected, evaluation data, overall evaluation of the system(s) including vulnerabilities.

Can you believe it? Amazing, simply amazing. One important thing Professor Packetslinger failed to request:

Dates of student's incarceration so that they can be excused from class and not counted absent.

Ok, so the concerned colleague who contacted us about Professor Packetslinger and his assignment went on to explain:

"We've barked this one up our own tree of management. Word came down this morning that no direct action will be taken against the professor, but if we catch any students doing these scans against our computers we will not be exempting them from our existing procedure. Specifically, disabling their student account and referring them to the Student Dean of Corrections."

In other words, we won't discipline Professor Packetslinger, we won't stop the assignment from going forward. As long as the students don't scan our computers, it is ok. If they scan our computers they will be reprimanded and lose their privileges on campus.

This is incredible; this University is encouraging illegal activity. They are encouraging students to do something that is, in the words of fellow Handler Adrien:

Illegal, unethical, immoral.
How about just plain stupid and ignorant.

And handler Swa had this to say:

Doing it is illegal in many parts of the world. But using authority to have somebody else do something illegal is in some places on this world even worse than the act itself and any decent prosecutor should chop the prof in fine pieces over this.

Actually inciting somebody to do something illegal (even if the act isn't performed) might be a case on its own. Now if he fails a student over this, they might have no more reason not to put down an official complaint for being asked to perform illegal acts.

First thing to do: recall the assignment; tell the students they should not even consider it.  Next (public) apologies from the professor are the least. But at the _very_ least don't let him near kids anymore, as an educator he's a miserable failure.

This from our resident comedian Tom:

Spamming for Fun and Profit.

It is hard for me as a security professional to understand the logic of Professor Packetslinger. I have relatives in the fair city in which this prestigious state university resides. I am going to ask them to keep an eye on the local paper and shoot me off articles about the arrests. And I definitely will not recommend this school to my friends and relatives. My sympathy goes out to the students that will be forced into completing this assignment. My sympathy to their families, especially those who are caught and charged with computer crimes. I just hope that the dear professor gets to experience the full impact of his illegal, unethical and immoral acts and he too gets to spend some time behind bars.

How about the school?

As fellow Handler Lorna put it

Wonder how the school would feel about a law suit launched against THEM because of this assignment!

The school is allowing this assignment to go forward. They are as guilty of this crime as the professor and the students. They too need to pay the price and a lawsuit against them would be a small price to pay.

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So, when is a security advisory, not a security advisory?

Published: 2006-03-01. Last Updated: 2006-03-01 20:09:43 UTC
by Jim Clausing (Version: 1)
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Microsoft released a security advisory 912945 out of cycle and with little publicity yesterday, the title of which is "Non-security Update for Internet Explorer".  The update appears to change the default behavior of IE in handling ActiveX components.  Given the security issues of ActiveX that have been discussed many times in the past, I'd say that probably does qualify as a security update and I applaud Microsoft for changing the default accept (if that is indeed what the update does, a big if).  I'm just curious as to why this is being done now given their reluctance to issue patches out of cycle in the recent past.  It has been reported (here among other places) that this is the result of losing a patent infringement case last fall, but I haven't seen that officially acknowledged by Microsoft.

-------------------
Jim Clausing,  jclausing --at-- isc.sans.org
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How to setup penetration testing exercises.

Published: 2006-03-02. Last Updated: 2006-03-02 03:59:55 UTC
by Johannes Ullrich (Version: 2)
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Based on the many responses we got regarding the 'Packetslinger' diary, here a few notes on how to setup a penetration/cracking exercise.

As a remark: Laws change from area to area. Whatever you do, check your local laws and regulations. Corporate policies, university ethics guidelines and ISP contracts may have to be consulted.

  1. Avoid the use of public networks if possible. Its just too easy to 'fat finger' an IP address. It is all too easy to unintenionally shut down a critical system using an attack as simple as a portscan.
  2. If you have to use a public network, try to setup a VPN to isolate the sources and targets involved.
  3. Ask participants to remove or turn off additional network interfaces (in particular wireless interfaces).
Any attack, even as simple as a portscan, should only be performed with written permission. Even in a lab environment, it may be a good exercise to go through the motions of obtaining written permission from the instructor. It is not always easy to identify the person who has to provide permission. But in general, this should be the 'network owner'. Remember that part of a corporate network may be owned by an ISP, and not the company (or university).

Can you go to jail for running a portscan? Unlikely. But the fact that you consider this question is a good hint that you should get written permission. Internal teams may be given permission  via policy documents. See http://www.sans.org/resources/policies/ for templates (e.g. the Audit Vulnerability Scanning Policy or the Risk Assessment Policy).

Couple additions submitted by readers:

- Setup the entire network (attacking systems and targets) in vmware. Use RFC1918 addreess to avoid 'leakage' and firewall the test network. Students can ssh into the network. (Thanks Mike and Nick!)






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